Sweden's tougher citizenship rules take effect; welfare-residency test follows in 2027

Stricter Swedish citizenship requirements — language and civics tests, longer residence, a self-support and "honest lifestyle" test — entered into force on 6 June. From January 2027, child and housing benefits will be limited to migrants resident 5 of the last 15 years or meeting an income threshold.

Sweden, long a byword for open generosity, moving to a residency/contribution test is a powerful signal for the rising UK debate on contribution-based welfare and citizenship access.